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TYPE 1 DIABETES

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that occurs when the blood glucose is high.It  is either due to pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to insulin.

Type 1 diabetes is due to failure of the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin.This is also known asinsulin dependent diabetes millets or juvenile diabetes.It is an auto immune disorder in which immune system attacks and destroy cells in the pancreas that produce insulin.The symptoms of type 1 diabetes include

1. Increased hunger
2. Increased thirst
3. Frequent urination
4. Tiredness
5. Fatigue
6. Dry mouth
7. Stomach pain and vomitings
8. Bed wetting in a child

Emergency condition of type 1 diabetes include  diabeticketoacidosis.It is a complication that occurs either due to type 1 or type 2 DM

It is a condition that occurs when body could not produce enough insulin, without enough insulin body begins to break down fat as fuel.This process cause buildup of acids in blood stream called ketones,eventually leading to diabetic ketoacidosis.

Symptoms include

1. Rapid breathing
2. Fruity smell to breath
3. Confusion
4. Abdominal pain and vomitings.

To differentiate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes autoantibodies test is done.The presence of ketones in urine suggest type 1 rather than type 2.

TREATMENT

1. INSULIN is the preferred treatment for type 1 diabetes
2. Monitoring of the blood sugars frequently.
3. Maintaining healthy diet
4. Regular exercise
5. Maintaining healthy weight

Type 1 diabetes patients need life long insulin therapy

1. Short acting insulin
2. Long acting insulin
3. Rapid acting insulin
4. Intermediate acting insulin
5. Insulin should be taken according to physician advice.

When to consult a doctor?

If u suspect if a diabetes in a child, immediately consult a diabetes specialist and follow treatment according to advice